The basal rate of lacrimal gland fluid production decreases, while the rate of fluid production under cholinergic stimulation increases. Immunopositivities for TGF-β and prolactin increase substantially, and their localizations shift from the apical cytoplasm to the basal cytoplasm. Reprinted with permission from Figure 7.50 in Evans, H. E., Ed. In contrast to other glands such as the salivary glands, the exocrine pancreatic duct system does not always end in blind-ended lumen surrounded by acinar cells. Most cases regress at the end of pregnancy or cessation of progestin treatment. A striated duct (Pflüger's ducts ) is a gland duct which connects an intercalated duct to an interlobular duct. Their size varies, depending on how many branches have converged distally. We examined tran-sepithelial glucose transport by pancreatic duct. Diagram of the lobular structure and the ramifications of the biliary tree from the ventral surface of the dog liver. As discussed below, the changes that occur in the lacrimal glands during pregnancy are analogous to those which occur over roughly the same time in the mammary glands. In the fetus, the intrahepatic biliary tree develops in close association with the ramifying portal vein that extends peripherally from the hepatic hilus. Striated ducts are part of the intralobular ducts. An Interlobular duct is a gland duct which connects more than one lobule. Liver function tests were abnormal in all but one. Progressive B-cell infiltration is often observed during the disease course and is reflected in the negative correlation between the T/B cell ratio and the degree of salivary gland inflammation.26,27, Loss of tissue architecture, atrophic involution of the acini, hyperplasia of the lining cells of the intraglandular ducts, and accumulation of hyaline material are some of the common histological features if the gland is extensively infiltrated.25,28, Within the glands, several components of the immune response have been detected. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. Bile flowing from the cholangioles (lumen diameter <20 μm) drains into interlobular ducts (lumen diameter 20–100 μm) which join other interlobular ducts to form septal ducts (lumen diameter 100–400 μm) (Alpini et al. Electrophysiologic studies indicated that the transepithelial electrical resistance of microperfused rat interlobular ducts is approximately 50 Ω.cm2.54,56,81 This places the ductal epithelium firmly in the “leaky” category; one consequence of this is that the transepithelial potential is never greater than a few millivolts. Intralobular ducts transmit secretions from intralobular ducts to the major pancreatic duct. Three types of ducts can be found based on the type of epithelium that forms the duct. It is characterized by the basal infoldings of its plasma membrane, characteristic of ion-pumping activity by the numerous mitochondria. The immunoarchitectural change is associated with several notable cytophysiological changes and functional changes. Several interlobular ducts join to form ~ 20 branch ducts that empty into the main pancreatic duct. Using digital videomicroscopy, we measured the osmotic water permeability (P(f)) of pancreatic duct epithelium by exposing isolated rat interlobular ducts to the hypotonic solution (145 mosM). ; WB Saunders Co.: Philadelphia, PA, 1993; p 456. A paucity of the interlobular bile ducts (PIBD) is defined as an interlobular bile duct to portal tract (IBD/PT) ratio of 0.5 or less in a needle liver biopsy. The immunoarchitecture undergoes a remarkable change during pregnancy, and it remains in the altered state throughout lactation and for some weeks following weaning. In humans, the liver is the largest organ in the body and is made up of a larger right lobe and a smaller left lobe with each lobe further subdivided into segments based on hepatic vasculature (Figure 1). The intercalated duct, also called intercalary duct (ducts of Boll), is the portion of an exocrine gland leading directly from the acinus to a striated duct. Moderately magnified. A less-well-characterized function may be the secretion of … Lobes consist of multiple lobules each with an associated intralobular duct Lobules are composed of glandular tissues which contain the functional epithelial cells (acini cells) that produce milk Intralobular terminal ducts from the smaller lobules drain milk into the ductal system, once the milk exits the lobule it enters the extralobular duct As ducts travel from the acinus which generates the fluid to the target, the ducts become larger and the epithelium becomes thicker. 6. A duct starts from an acinus, which produces the secretion. Septal ducts combine to form intermediate (sometimes called area) ducts (lumen diameter 400–800 μm), which coalesce into the largest ducts: segmental and eventually hepatic ducts (>800 μm) (Figure 1).
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