List Legislation and Cases separately in alphabetical order in the bibliography. List legislation, cases and secondary sources in separate sections of your bibliography in alphabetical order. For an Authored Book (i) By a single author: Name of the Author, | Title of the Book | Dimas S, EU Environment Commissioner, 'Improving Environmental Quality through Carbon Trading' (Speech at the Carbon Expo Conference, Kln, 2 May 2007)
accessed 29 May 2011. Traditional multispectral detectors usually consist of multiple monochromatic detectors or use filters to achieve specific wavelength detection. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Follow this by the phrase available at, followed by the URL, which should be hyperlinked. Citations of provisions should be abbreviated as follows: Where the reference is the first word in a sentence or footnote, the full word should be used, e.g. Enter the DOI of the journal you wish to reference. An innovative new tool that checks your APA citations with AI software. If there is a direct quote/speaker, reverse the author's name as usual. It is widely used in law schools and by journal and book publishers in the UK and beyond. Remove additional data for ONLINE sources, Enter the date you accessed the journal in dd Month YYYY format. Statues are divided into parts, sections, subsections, paragraphs and subparagraphs. the name of the journal in roman, in full or abbreviated form, with no full stops; and. If citation advice is provided by the online journal, follow it, removing full stops as necessary to comply with OSCOLA. For subsequent citation of cases, please cite the name of the first party only and the relevant paragraph, e.g. When you cite hard copy journal articles, give the authors name first, followed by a comma. Lord Williams. When citing an interview you conducted yourself, give the name, position and institution (as relevant) of the interviewee, and the location and full date of the interview. See3.4.2 OSCOLA 4th ed. For reports where each year is also identified with a volume number, the year appears in normal brackets. You should use Re the Domestic Abuse Act 2017 rather than In the matter of the Domestic Abuse act 2017. when the previous footnote was also about that source), you can simply use ibid (Latin for in the same place): In this example, the second footnote also refers to Davis v Dignam, but to page 522 instead of page 519. You must enter the date that you accessed the article. Preferred journal abbreviations can be checked on the. When referring to the first two series, cite the House abbreviation (HL or HC), followed by Deb, then the full date, the volume and the column. List cases in the bibliography in alphabetic order of case names. If you are a post-graduate law student, you are required to use this referencing system. Recap: Example for Journal Articles. Examples of in-text citations and reference list entries for key source types. OSCOLA Citation Style Guide (4th ed.) - Referencing Blog This rule applies for all conjunctions (including IP, IT, ICT, etc). Bert-Jaap Koops, Criteria for Normative Technology: The Acceptability of Code as law in Light of Democratic and Constitutional Values in Roger Brownsword and Karen Yeung (eds. For example: Another alternative, particularly if the podcast is quite long, would be to provide the minutes and seconds of the excerpt: Author, 'Title' (additional information, publisher year), Footnote: Items in the table of legislation are listed in identical form to how they are cited in the text. Ibid., in italics, should be used for consecutive citations. That means that you add small, superscript numbers (for example, 1,2,3) to the sources in your text, which connect to footnotes at the bottom of your page. Lecturer, School of Law, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, name@institution.ac.uk). Contact your Academic Liaison Librarian if you have any questions about referencing. If the information is only available online, give the URL before the accessed date information. When citing personal communications, such as emails and letters, give the author and recipient of the communication, and the date. If the interview was conducted by someone else, the interviewers name should appear at the beginning of the citation. CraigP,'Theory, "Pure Theory" and Values in Public Law' [2005] PL 440, YoungAL,'In Defense of Due Deference' (2009) 72 MLR 554. Put a comma after the first page of the article if you want to refer to a particular page or set of pages: If the year serves as the volume identifier, put the year in square brackets [ ]. For example: Use an indented paragraph, no quotation marks and a line space above and below. A pinpoint is a precise reference to the part of a judgment or report through numbered paragraphs or page numbers. This will be the case for virtually all articles found in Westlaw, Lexis and Hein Online. Williams J: OSCOLA uses a system of cross-referencing to save space when you repeatedly cite the same source. Our comprehensive guide refers to the 4th edition of OSCOLA produced by the University of Oxford. The names of publishers other than Cambridge University Press (CUP) and Oxford University Press (OUP) should be written in full. To cite a print journaluse the following, The bibliography is the same format as the footnote except that. For more detailed information see OSCOLA 1.2. In the footnote, the authors name should be provided exactly as it appears in the publication, omitting postnominals such as QC: (Note: sometimes only first name initials are provided on the publication so your footnote will reflect this e.g. Introduction to OSCOLA referencing style The Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA) was developed at Oxford University, and is widely used by law schools and publishers to acknowledge source information. You should cite working papers the same way as electronic journal articles. Example: T opi ng S, Beck D a d Wils P, Analysing Law (Routledge, London 2008). Author (s) Enter the Surname and Initials for each Author of the Journal Author Surname * Author Firstname OR Initial (s) * HL Deb OR HC Deb | date, | volume, | column. For forthcoming articles, please include the title of the publication and (forthcoming), e.g. Note that OSCOLA recommends abbreviating Oxford University Press to OUP; this is not the case with other publishers. Case citations including neutral citations: John Smith). For example (ed) or (tr). Misc (multiple authors, editors.) OSCOLA is a footnote referencing style. Referencing - OSCOLA Secondary sources Primary sources are the law itself -- cases, legislation, regulations. zR=S7nm9LjQtl3osesk'$CY'o/.Tk1wl^+WO]d6zAv#%uS59?\+M=ow3NI1jHNuG*E.
x$G'Fe#{gEq&**p[wSRgG=ar\. Quotes less than 3 lines of text should appear in the body and be identified with double quotation marks (), with quotes within such quotes identified with single quotation marks (). Please see the 4th edition of OSCOLA for comprehensive details on how to cite other secondary sources such as: We hope youve found our complete guide to OSCOLA referencing useful. for more details. GDPR, art. OSCOLA referencing places citations in footnotes, which are marked in the text with footnote numbers: The judge referred to the precedent established by Caulfield v Baldwin. If there is no clear author, give the organisation providing the source as the author. Be aware of the difference before and after 1996. hb```,+@(
`=ar If only youd done it in the first place! See the example in the Subsequent citation of a case box below. If you cant find a judgement in the Law Reports, you should cite the Weekly Law Reports or the All England Law Reports. So, the Children Act 1989 becomes CA 1989 (not just CA). Quotes in a foreign language should normally appear in English translation, but the original text may also be reproduced if it is necessary that the text be examined closely. An example of a typical case citation without a neutral citation is: When the year is used to identify the law report volume, you should always put it in square brackets. Give the editors or editors name(s) as above for the author, with ed./eds. following immediately in brackets. When a Bill is reprinted at any stage it is given a new running number. If there is more than one editor or translator, put (eds) or (trs). X argues that Y.1 NOT X argues that Y1.). statutes and so on), as well as secondary sources such as books, journal articles, websites and policy statements . No further changes will be allowed to the text absent compelling justification. An OSCOLA (Oxford University Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities) citation for a journal article includes the author name (s), publication year, article title, journal name, volume and issue number, page range of the article, and a DOI (if available). When you dont need to use the year to identify the law report volume, give the year of judgement (not publication) in round brackets. Subject Guides: Referencing styles - a Practical Guide: OSCOLA Dr Douglas Guilfoyle, The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea: Origins and Importance (14 August 2013) accessed 15 April 2014. Brown J/Green MR/Yellow LJ/SCC/HL/CA/QC/Co/Ltd/USA/USSR/WTO/UN/UNESCO/IT/AI). If the newspaper is divided into sections, and the page numbering begins afresh in each section, put the section name in roman before the page number, with a space but no comma between the two. OSCOLA was first devised in 2000 by Regius Professor Peter Birks, with the aim of reducing the "woeful waste of scholarly time caused by the absence of a national standard for citation . Gunther Teubner, Legal Irritants: Good Faith in British Law or How Unifying Law Ends up in New Divergences [1998] MLR 11. 1. 27. ibid 271-78. See3.4.10 OSCOLA 4th ed. The year combines with the serial number to make an SI number that follows the abbreviations SI, which we use to identify the legislation. From 2001, case numbers were used instead of page numbers. Cases are written in a similar format here and in the main text; the only difference is the names of the parties involved are not italicised in the table of cases: The table of legislation includes all legal sources used other than cases for example, bills, Acts of Parliament and SIs. Footnotes: The Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA) is designed to help the author to achieve consistency and to make life easier for the reader". Dove, Chen, and Diver. Authors are responsible for ensuring that their submission conforms to SCRIPTeds formatting style (see below and our Article and Book Review templates), and for ensuring that all citations are accurate. For those where multiple volumes appear in one year, the year appears in square brackets. If there are more than three authors, give the name of the first author followed by 'and others'. The number is displayed in superscript (i.e. For two or three authors, all named authors must be included. See OSCOLA 4th edn 3.4.8 for more details. 25. Generally, footnotes should be used for citationof sources, rather than for additional text. Usually, the bibliography is divided into three sections: Cases, Legislation and Secondary Sources Cases - List the cases alphabetically in order of the first significant word. It is a guide to legal citation developed by the Oxford Law Faculty and is an authoritative way to prepare legal citation in the UK academic world. After the title, give the publication information in the following order: It is good practice to use cross citation as little as possible. Any submission which exceeds the identified word counts may be accepted upon special consideration of the Editorial Board. hjI_a/wM )B=:iq~I# o )'E-e>(-2GYYp,e`3&
+gn%=~/WE5k}}Vm*e,e^*zGnAy The standard requires providing the authors' names in full in references and in the reverse form with initials in footnotes. Follow the citation with the web address (in angled brackets) and the date you most recently accessed the article. Intellectual Property Law in Scotland). Enol online now or call +44 1865 954800 to book your place. Be sure that quotation marks are consistent (e.g. If the case name is included in the text, omit it in the footnote. When you make a reference to a judge in a case, use the judges surname followed by the conventional abbreviation identifying their judicial office. not a result of a search in a database). If you are referring to a particular Act a number of times in the same place, you can provide an abbreviated form of the title in the footnotes, as long as you let your reader know in advance. You should show the reader that you have used a range of sources in your work, which they could then find themselves. Enter in alphabetical order in the Secondary Sources. 636 0 obj
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1 1. Formultiple referenceswithin one footnote use semi-colons to distinguish between them and put them in chronological order with the oldest first. Referencing Styles: OSCOLA | The Online Library You must insert an 'and' before the last author's name. See3.4.6 OSCOLA 4th ed. accessed 17 November 2014. Ensure that every footnote corresponds correctly with the footnote that it references (e.g. Normann Witzleb and others No author In the bibliography, list Command Papers alphabetically by author in Secondary Sources. Having determined suitability, the Managing Editor assigns Articles to a Supervising Editor, who in turn assigns it to an Assistant Editor with particular experience and/or interest in the field. The President of the Supreme Court should be abbreviated as, for example, Lord Brown P; the Deputy President as Lord Brown DP. Authors will be sent anonymised copies of Referee comments. Cite Them Right - Home The terms op cit andidemshould not be used. If DOI is unknown then enter the URL of the online journal. Secondary sources explain, analyse, critique and discuss the law. Referees are asked to consider the following: (1) overall quality; (2) originality (its contribution to the field); (3) timeliness and time sensitivity; (4) academic standards (argumentation and presentation, including adequacy of referencing, grammar, syntax etc. For example. If referring to a different page in the same source, use Ibid., followed by a comma and the number of the relevant page (e.g. Number under 100 are written in full (e.g. For specific references, include a comma, followed by the chapter or page number, including ch. and/or p.. Additionally, note that the year (for the report) is displayed differently depending on whether it is essential to the citation. Use Initials or forename unpunctuated and with no spaces followed by surname. The list is organised by type of source, and then alphabetically. For further references to the case, use a short form of the case name and a cross-citation in brackets to the original footnote. A footnote is marked in the text with a footnote number, which appears at the end of the relevant sentence or clause. Treat case notes with titles as if they are journal articles. OSCOLA referencing places citations in footnotes, which are marked in the text with footnote numbers: The judge referred to the precedent established by Caulfield v Baldwin.1. Articles, Analysis Pieces, and Case/Legislation Comments. Lets look at the OSCOLA system in detail, and how you can cite a wide range of legal sources. See theOSCOLA guidesand our Referencing with Confidence OSCOLA Guide for more details. Then give the title of the article within single quotation marks, and the publication information as follows: year of publication (in square brackets if it identifies the volume, in round brackets if there is a separate volume number). endstream
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Where cases concern only individuals, leave out forenames and initials. Stevens (n 1) 110. You can also use the OSCOLA Quick Reference Guide for ease when referencing. Robert Stevens, Torts and Rights (OUP 2007).. 26. Journal articles - Referencing - OSCOLA - LibGuides at University of After that, you can shorten it. You can see that the Bill is cited by its title, the House in which it originated (here, House of Commons), and with the parliamentary session in brackets (here, 2008-09). Follow that example, tidying it up to make it consistent with OSCOLA styles (eg, change double quotes to single and full stops to commas, removing those that are unnecessary; change OED Online to italics; change Oxford University Press to OUP and put it before the date; and remove http:// from the web address and delete any text after the Entry number, then put angle brackets around the url): For other online dictionaries, follow the general advice above. hbbd```b`` iX$&``j0L.GI Hc~
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For example: You can see from this example that the information in brackets shows that this Act was given royal assent in the forty-first year of the reign of George III. Case/Legislation Comments and Conference Reportsshould not normally exceed 3,000 words. The OSCOLA style can be considered a footnote-based alternative to the Harvard format, as it is also applied in universities throughout the world regardless of the discipline. You should give the name of the case in full when you first mention it in the text or footnotes. OSCOLA Referencing Guide. Summer School 2023 is filling up fast. Author,Title(edition,Publisher | year) page number. Use a short version of the title if the full title is longer than three words. Hansard is the official transcript of parliamentary debates in the UK. Bibliography: Omit reference to specific page numbers (other than the first page of the article) in your bibliographic entry. If you do shorten names this way, you should always choose the name which comes first in the full name of the case in this case Glebe Motors, rather than Dixon-Greene. For example, this footnote refers to two cases: If one or more references are more relevant than the others put these first and then see also. A guide to reference management software (EndNote, Mendeley, Zotero, and Paperpile). No comma should appear between the word Act and the year. (2008) 71 MRL 413 accessed 15 Jan 2014. When you cite a statutory instrument, give the name, year and (after a comma) the SI number. Older books do not have ISBNs, but you should cite them as books even if you read them online. OSCOLA does not purport to be comprehensive, but gives rules and examples for . Use the following abbreviations: Official notices of the EU are in the Official Journal of the European Communities (which is abbreviated to OJ). eighty-four), unless they refer to a percentage, in which case it appears as, for example, 25%. for more details. Use HL for the House of Lords, CA for the Court of Appeal, QB, CH and F for the division of the High Court, and Com Ct for the Commercial Court within the Queens Bench Division. OSCOLA referencing guide (Online): Two or Three Authors Books with two or three authors Below you will find guidance and examples of how to set out a footnote reference to a book with two or three authors and in the bibliography. For example: Protocol to the Agreement on the Member States that do not fully apply to the Schengen acquis Join Declarations [2007] OJ Li129/35. This means that for subsequent references of a source, you dont have to repeat the full citation. The company contracts with institutions, including the Universities of Oxford, Cambridge and Yale, for the use of their facilities, and also contracts with tutors from those institutions, but does not operate under the aegis of the University of Oxford or those other institutions. The authors name should be centred under the title and in lower case italics (e.g. It is the Law referencing system created by Oxford University. Thereference is then given in the footnoteat the bottom of the page. If you are yourself the author or recipient of the communication, say from author or to author as appropriate. Provide dates in the form 25January 2018. from https://www.scribbr.co.uk/referencing/oscola/. A Quick Guide to OSCOLA Referencing | Rules & Examples. John Smith; Edinburgh; European Union; Scottish Enlightenment), but not for other terms. Journal articles Start with the article author (first name/initial then surname, multiple authors to be treated as per books), then the article title in single quotes. University of California, Berkeley (ages 15-18), the name of the journal, in full or abbreviated form, with no full stops. when there is no volume number). If there are several works by the same author, use the surname and the title of the work (or a short form of the title). Author, 'Title' (Additonal information, edition if later than first, Publisher day Month year if available) page number if required. Paul Craig, Theory, "Pure Theory" and Values in Public Law [2005] PL 440. Re T (adult: refusal of medical treatment), [1992] 4 All ER 649 (CA). Your email address will not be published. Ensure that all punctuation is within the quotes (e.g. . Author, Article Title [Year] or (Year) Volume number Journal name Page number. OR use s for Section in the middle of a sentence. Cross-references to footnotes above should take the form supran. 25, and cross-references to footnotes below should take the form infra n. 25. 2006). If no neutral citation exists, as with cases before 2002, you can just begin with the report. Internet may be capitalised, or not, at the authors discretion. Make sure that the citation number is not italicised. use cannot, not cant; do not, not dont, etc). In OSCOLA referencing, referring to a specific page number within a source is called pinpointing. OSCOLA referencing guide (Online): Repeating Citations - Swansea University For example: Also, order the sources with legislation before cases, and primary sources before secondary.
Click the button below to generate your OSCOLA Journal Article Reference and In-line Citation. Paragraph numbers appear in square brackets and can be used for pinpointing in the same way as page numbers: Note that if youre pinpointing a judges comments within a case report, you include the name of the judge, and some special terms and abbreviations are used in the citation and in the text. Information to include: Paul Craig, 'Theory, "Pure Theory" and Values in Public Law' [2005] PL 440. A case name should be given as it appears in the most authoritative report of the case. If you have included the case name in the text, you do not have to include the case names in the footnote: Referees will recommend one of the following options: (1) accept outright for publication; (2) accept subject to minor modification; (3) accept subject to major modification; (4) reject outright. Debian -- stretch texlive-bibtex-extra For more detailed information, see OSCOLA 1.5. INDIAN LAW INSTITUTE: 1. There are three series of Hansard, one reporting debates on the floor of the House of Commons, one debates in the House of Lords, and one debates in the Public Bill committees of the House of Commons, which replaced standing committees in 2007. Do notuse italics for text in the footnote unless it is a Latin abbreviation or a reference to a case or book requiring italics (e.g. The Chancellor of the High Court should be abbreviated as Sir John Brown C, and Presidents of the Queens Bench Division and Family Division as Sir Brown P. JAG Griffith, The Common Law and the Political Constitution (2001) 117 LQR 42, 64. See 3.2.2 OSCOLA 4th edn for more details. See3.4.11 OSCOLA 4th edn for more details. JAG Griffith, The Common Law and the Political Constitution (2001) 117 LQR 42, 64, 2. You should then follow the title with publication information in brackets. PDF quick reference: COMMONLY USED CITATION STYLES - Tamil Nadu National SCRIPTeds in-house Article template should be used for all submissions except Book Reviews, i.e. Graham Greenleaf, The Global Development of Free Access to Legal Information (2010) 1(1) EJLT accessed 27 July 2010. https://libguides.ials.sas.ac.uk/referencing, Practical tips on using library resources. When asked about the role of a newspapers proprietor Rupert Murdoch said: Section 4(2) of the Human Rights Act 1998 states in s 4(2) of the Human Rights Act 1998 and in ss 6-9 of that Act Clarkson CMV and Keating HM and Cunningham SR. 1. The relevant abbrevations are: subsection / subsections to sub-s/ sub-ss, subparagraph / subparagraphs to subpara/subparas. Put a comma after the first page of the article if there is a pinpoint. ); and (5) success of synthesis between areas for those submissions purporting to be interdisciplinary. The Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA) was developed at Oxford University, andis widely used by law schools and publishers to acknowledge source information. 0
Journal Articles - OSCOLA - LibGuides at Coventry University PDF OSCOLA - Faculty of Law, University of Oxford Square brackets [ ] are used when theyear is crucial to identify the relevant volume of the journal(e.g. Analysis Pieces should normally not exceed 4,000 words. Analysis pieces and Case/Legislative comments are internally peer reviewed (one reviewer) by either a member of the SCRIPTed Editorial Board or Edinburgh Law School faculty/PhD candidates with particular experience and/or interest in the field. OSCOLA Journal Referencing Generator. There is no need to cite an electronic source for such a publication. If there are more than three authors, cite the first author followed by and others. *You can also browse our support articles here >. Journal article Law / Act Newspaper article . 1. Example: Samuel Topping and others, Analysing Law (Routledge, London 2008). A full, searchable index of these abbreviations can be found here. 5 May 2022. Use [ ] if the dateofpublication is needed to find the article eg. Anderson W and Weatherburn P, 'Treatment Information Needs of People Living with HIV' (Research report Nam Publications 1996). GDPR, Recital 25. Morten Hviid, Sofia Izquierdo-Sanchez, and Sabine Jacques, Computers as Inventors Legal and Policy Implications of Artificial Intelligence on Patent Law, http://www.askoxford.com/betterwriting/us/?view=uk, Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA), https://www.openrightsgroup.org/blog/2017/a-brief-chance-for-better-uk-data-protection-law, https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/may/09/uber-licence-drivers-gmb-transport-for-london, Timed influence: The future of Modern (Family) life and the law, Predicting Innovation: Why Facebook/WhatsApp Merger Flunked, Georgia vs. Public.Resource.org: The Morning After. Title | HC Bill | (session) | [number] OR title | HL Bill | (session) | number. OSCOLA citation generator - Grafiati Cruft R, Title of Book Review (2011) Law & Philosophy 637, Ben McFarlane and Donal Nolan, Remedying Reliance: The Future Development of Promissory and Proprietary Estoppel in English Law (Obligations III conference, Brisbane, July 2006), 1. 417 0 obj
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3.4.1) suggest the following form for citing podcasts, YouTube videos and similar sources: Author, Title (publication date) accessed xx month 2014. An example of a footnote for an online article: James Gobert, 'The Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide Act 2007: Thirteen Years in the Making but was it Worth the Wait?' Chatterton v Gerson, [1981] 1 All ER 257 (QB) (hereinafterChatterton). Chemical graph theory significantly predicts multifarious physio-chemical properties of complex and multidimensional compounds when investigated through topological descriptors and QSPR modeling. There should be an asterisk (*) after each authors name, which corresponds to an asterisked footnote, giving the authors current position(s) of employment, department where appropriate, university, city, country, and email address (e.g.